British Petroleum (BP) and its corporate Image Term Paper

English Petroleum (BP) and its corporate Image - Term Paper Example Each organization needs a market and an open where to sell its items. This would possibly be conceivable if the organization is known to the general population, and they have an image in their brains in regards to it. This image must be certain; else it could cost the organization. A positive picture builds a company’s validity. This picture is to some degree work through promoting, where the organization depicts itself. Such publicizing isn't deals arranged, yet takes the assistance of the advertising office to advance a superior notoriety and name-attention to the organization. Corporate publicizing utilizes systems to fabricate a feeling of lightness and interest among the consumers’ just as the others in the business. The entire organization is publicized and marked, not simply the items and administrations. Corporate picture is an amalgamated mental picture, which keeps on changing, as indicated by the firm’s items, methodologies, media inclusion and differe nt occasions. The corporate picture is a popular assessment of the organization, and doesn't really resound the company’s genuine picture, size or position. Corporate picture is adaptable and can change suddenly. It could go from best to most noticeably awful, in hours, due to any embarrassment or any news, even phony, that discovered its way into the media, and that features a negative part of the firm. For instance, during the 1990s The Food Lion general store confronted an embarrassment that blamed the store for unhygienic practices, which was a fake; however the store had to pull back from the Houston, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplexâ markets, which it had as of late entered, in view of awful exposure. Or on the other hand it could go from most exceedingly awful to great short-term, by an element imprinted in the Wall Street Journal, or some other paper; composed by a columnist who was intrigued by your administrations. It is entirely unusual . Organizations use promoting procedures to improve their delineation. Brands speak to a way of thinking; for instance The Apple Computer Company has endure a ton of good and bad times, with respect to its corporate picture. Mac spoke to those PC clients who were imaginative and innovative, who needed to consider themselves to be one of a kind and free-lively individuals. Apple additionally confronted whines and analysis for its iPhone 4, where there was a network issue. Apple wouldn't acknowledge that it was a specialized mistake, rather asked the customers that iPhones must be held in an unexpected way. These days, the advertising offices are likewise engaged with positive corporate picture building. CORPORATE IMAGE AFFECTS BUSINESS SALES Corporate picture assists customers with recalling your organization. By what method will individuals purchase your items or administrations on the off chance that they are not even mindful that your organization exists. As indicated by the Gallu p Poll, organizations today are just 16% dependable, when contrasted with the 70% in 1968 (Argenti 5). In business, what makes a difference most is the thing that the open thinks and convictions; and the open trust is the thing that must be maintained and ought not be broken. (Argenti 11) The open trust in worldwide organizations is going in negative numbers. The insights have been determined by deducting the level of doubt from the level of trust, communicated by general society during studies. This shows the open no longer trust the worldwide organizations, to maintained their privileges and take into account their requirements. (Argenti 15) Companies having great standing are bound to accomplish and keep up their status and open trust in

Breeon free essay sample

In this article I would communicate my response to about the African relatives in Puerco Rice; I emphatically accept if youre a descendent of the afro-exhausting, you ought to find out about your way of life and your experience, the motivation behind why I state that is in such a case that you ask any Afro-Boring to inform you regarding the way of life and were there from, some of them wont recognize what to state, by perusing this entry find out such a great amount about the Fabrication, at that point I do in standard history class. Afro-Puerco Rican (Afro-Boring, Fabrication) are Puerco Ricans of AfricanAfrican drop, the principal blacks showing up with the Spaniards were free, that reveal to me that subjection didn't everything was extracts in Puerco Rice, everything so state Puerco Rice has consistently had a bigger free dark populace than slave populace, all through the 500 years Of dark occupation. I have confidence in certain spots in Puerco Rice some Fabrication are calling themselves Dominicans is on the grounds that, the Puerco Rican government stooped detailing ethnicity in 1950, thus it was hard to check Afro-Puerco numbers. We will compose a custom paper test on Breeon or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page That is the reason they are mistaken for Dominicans living on the island. One thing I truly gain from this section is that, Puerco Rice dark history at first started with the African freeman. The showed up here with the Spanish conquistadors. I feel like the main motivation behind why the subjugation began in Puerco Rice is on the grounds that, when the Spaniards oppressed the Taints who were the local occupants of the island and a large number of them kicked the bucket because of the remorseless treatment that they had received.This introduced an issue for the Spanish crown since they relied upon servitude, their answer was to import slaves from Africa and as an outcome the tremendous sorority of the Africans who moved to Puerco Rice did as such because of the slave exchange. By 1 517, the Spanish crown allowed to import twelve slaves each in what turned into the start of the slave exchange the new world. Something else that struck out to me was that when I discovered were most of these African were originating from, as per student of history Luis M.Ditz, the biggest unforeseen of African originated from the gold bank of Ghana, Nigeria and Doomed (Benign). Or on the other hand the district known as the region of Guineas, the Slave Coast. All things considered, I emphatically accept the African government ought to have help those nations, when those poor Africans were getting grab from their homes, and getting isolated from their family, they didnt had no legislature or no one in their nations that could support them. By; Mohamed sheriff What truly hung out in this article was the manner by which the quantity of slaves rose, it express that the quantity of slaves in Puerco Rockroses from 1 ,500 of every 1 530 by 1555.The slave was marked on the temple with a stamp so individuals would know hello were gotten legitimately and that way they couldnt be grabbed. In end would disclose to you bit about The life Of the African slave in Puerco Rice, it was exceptionally hard and savage. The motivation behind why I state that is on the grounds that, Africans slaves were sent to work the gold mines, as a substitution of the lost Taint labor, or work in fields in the island ginger and sugar industry, yet the slaves were permitted to live family in a cabin on the ace land and was given a fix of land where they could plant and develop vegetables.

Author Eric Barnes on Publishing and Post-Apocalyptic Fiction

Author Eric Barnes on Publishing and Post-Apocalyptic Fiction Youd think that ones post as the CEO of several major metropolitan newspapers throughout Tennessee, and author of multiple science fiction novels, would make the road to publishing an easy one. But Eric Barnes, host of Behind the Headlines on WKNO TV and author of four novels, including his most recently published post-Apocalyptic foray, Above the Ether, admits that its a little more complicated than that. Heres his advice for how writers can navigate the labyrinthine terrain of publishing without giving up, selling out, or letting rejection letters be the final word.Author Eric Barnes. Photo by Andrew BreigTonya: Our readers are a mix of indie authors and authors who have gone through more traditional publishing houses. What is your advice about the publishing process (either indie or traditional or both) from your experience?Eric: For the kind of novels I write, the publishing process is, to say the least, difficult. Its slow-moving and convoluted. Thats not a criticism of the publ ishers whove published my books. Its simply a comment on the reality of a very complicated business that has been in the midst of massive change for a few decades now.First there was the rise of big, corporate publisher, which bought up and combined many of the long-time independent publishing houses. Then there was the rise of massive chain bookstores like Borders and Barnes Noble. That was followed by the arrival of Amazon, a disruption that only continues as readers shift to e-readers even as independent bookstores increasingly find ways to thrive.In the midst of that, there are so many writers throwing so many manuscripts at a shrinking number of publishers who have a dramatically smaller universe of stores in which to sell those books.And meanwhile, the very process of assessing a manuscript is mind-blowingly slow. For fiction of some level of seriousness â€" I hate the term literary fiction but thats all there is â€" theres no way to fairly assess a manuscript with(out) spend ing quite a bit of time on it. Put another way, it takes hours (sometimes many, many hours) to read a book, no matter how quick a reader you are.Thats even before you get to the incredible cost involved in editing, designing, printing, distributing and selling a book.The process, in other words, is a labyrinth. Its slow, by necessity. And its all built on a business model that leaves little room for error.Tonya: Where did you get the idea for your newest book, Above the Ether, and how long did it take you to write it?Eric: The idea for Above the Ether came from my previous novel, The City Where We Once Lived, which is about a city thats been abandoned and the few thousand people who have chosen to live there. The city in that novel has been devastated not by a plague or some virus, but by bad decisions, inattention, abandonment. All animals have fled, all the plants and trees have died.The main character in City assumes that everyone, everywhere lives with this sort of death of plan ts and animals. But toward the end of the novel, a new person comes to the city. And, very offhandedly, he tells the main character why hes fled his home and come to this city.The animals that left this place, they didnt all just die. They went to other places. Like the city we are from. Huge packs of dogs. Feral cats. The failed efforts of the city to wipe them out with poison, so many dead animals that they had to leave carcasses in piles on corners and overflowing from dumpsters and still the animals roamed the street.The City Where We Once Lived by Eric BarnesAnd so I decided I wanted to write a book about that other city, and other cities and places like it, that were going through some kind of slow-motion disaster. Again, not plagues or runaway viruses or zombie apocalypses â€" just places dealing with the everyday decisions that we make or are made for us.Tonya: A lot of successful authors have a daily word count goal or specific method of getting a book written. Do you have either? What does a typical writing session look like for you?Eric: I need to write every day to be effective. I cant wait till I feel the inspiration. I have to schedule regular time, consistency, in order to be writing frequently enough that Im either at my desk when I feel inspired or the consistency itself generates more and more inspiration.Because of this, if I know I wont be able to write tomorrow, I will struggle to write today. Because if I cant write tomorrow, but todays writing goes badly, I will be incredibly frustrated.The reality, of course, is that I cant write every day. So I try to find stretches of time â€" 2 weeks or 4 weeks or sometimes as many as 6 weeks â€" where Ill be able to write for at least an hour most every day. That way I feel like Ill have some consistency, a routine, that I can rely on when writing goes badly. Which it does.I dont set a word count, just this goal of building a routine, but I do count words. I might write 100 words, I might write 1,50 0. But the goal is to write consistently.Also, I mostly write in the morning, usually from 5:30 to 7:30, then Ill read and edit what Ive written in the evening.Tonya: As CEO of several newspapers, you obviously have other obligations beyond writing novels. What is your advice for authors struggling to get a novel written when it isnt their primary occupation?Eric: It can be a nightmare. Writing is time-consuming and, at its worst, maddeningly frustrating. For me, I just have to be hyper-scheduled â€" down to the hour and minute of the day â€" as far as when I write, when I parent, when I see friends, and so on. Its hard on the people around you. You just have to accept that, as do they.The economic reality is that, for what I write (and, honestly, for what most fiction writers do), its exceedingly difficult to make a living off of novels. For many years, this meant I was personally at war with the two sides of my life â€" my writing life, and my day job. That wasnt healthy. Over tim e, I found a way devote enough time to both that they coexist much better.Tonya: What is it about the post-apoc/dystopian subgenre of Science Fiction that fascinates you most and do you have any favorite authors who write it?Eric: I grew up reading a lot â€" almost all â€" of Kurt Vonneguts novels and non-fiction. I loved how he could circle into and around science fiction, even as he was writing painful, funny, beautiful and deeply serious books. But I also read a lot of serious, entirely real fiction that I wanted to emulate, especially work by Raymond Carver, Richard Ford and others.But then there were three books I read over a number of years â€" For the Time Being by Annie Dillard, and Cormac McCarthys Blood Meridien and The Road â€" and I started wanting to write differently. Id always like complicated, multi-character narratives. My first two novels, Shimmer and, especially, Something Pretty, Something Beautiful, both had multiple narrators and a way that I could use the mult iple narrators to shift time and place.Now I wanted to write with more unreal elements. More that was made up.With both The City Where We Once Lived and Above the Ether, though, what I did not want to do is write post-apocalyptic novels where thered been some sort of war or plague. Not that theres anything wrong with doing that, I just felt like, first, that had been done. And second, I wanted to shine more light and attention on decisions we make now and the outcomes of those decisions.Tonya: Do you have any specific advice for a writer interested in publishing in the post-apoc/dystopian subgenre? Is there any trope thats been overdone or any new slant publishers are looking for?Eric: I really dont know what advice Id give. For better and worse, Im not a writer who can write toward what publishers want or need. I have to write a story that interests me, which means taking a massive risk on whether that novel will also be of interest to a publisher. Twice, Ive misfired and written n ovels that ultimately didnt get published. But I dont regret writing those manuscripts. Had I not written them, I wouldnt have written the ones that followed.

The Unification Of Italy After Unification - 1273 Words

The Unification of Italy Before Unification Before unification, Italy was made up of several small countries. These separate countries seemed to share a common culture and language. From these similarities many people wanted to unify in nationalism. Napoleon had invaded Italy in 1796, so unification was not possible until he was defeated in 1814. A map of Italy before Unification. After Napoleon’s downfall Italy was made up of: Kingdom of two Sicilies, The Papal states, the Austrian empire, Duchy of Parma, Duchy of Modena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the only real independent state was Piedmont Savoy. In 1848, revolutions swept through Europe- Milan and Venice fought against the Austrians, the sicilians fought against Naples for independence, and Rome fought for social reforms. French troops were sent into Rome to reinstate the pope, they remained there for a while. The sicilians were crushed in their endeavors and in the north the Austrians beat the rebels and the kingdom of Sardinia who tried to help them. From these results it can be concluded that the first Italian war for independence was a failure. Victor Emmanuel the second, the king of Sardinia realised that he would need powerful allies to achieve independence. He and his prime minister Count Camillo Benso di Cavour sent troops to Crimea to help fight the Russians with the French and British, in hope of gaining allies. The next step he took was to give France Nice in return for their help in fightingShow MoreRelatedUnification of Italy Dbq Essay example773 Words   |  4 PagesUnification of Italy: Pros and Cons After the Congress of Vienna Italy consisted of six separate states. Controversy over whether or not Italy should be unified stirred up during the mid to late 1800’s. The unification of the Italian states was an ongoing debate for quite some time. During the years of the debates people found the unification to be positive change, a negative change, and some had different opinions for their own certain reasons. Those who agreed that Italy should be unifiedRead MoreNationalism in Europe Essay872 Words   |  4 PagesNationalism acted as a unifying force in Europe for much of the nineteenth century when unification movements were frequent. The unification of Italy and Germany, are prime examples of nationalism at work. By the end of the French revolution and Napoleanic wars, nationalism was growing rampant among the neighboring countries of France leading to an increasing amount of unification motions. The extraordinary unification of these two divided areas proves how a strong sense of nationalism truly is a unifyingRead MoreItalian Unification Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesItalian Unification Count Camillo Benso di Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi can be seen as a contrast between two inspirational and great leaders during the time of the Italian Unification. Cavour was a nobleman, always calm and well educated while Garibaldi was a rough passionate soldier with little education. Though these men both contributed greatly to the unifying of Italy, they are very different in their accomplishments as well as their motives. Garibaldi had been a republican, under theRead MoreItaly : A Country For Long?1666 Words   |  7 PagesItaly has not existed as a country for long--for a while, Italy was a politically divided combination of states. In 1799, Russia and Austria managed to expel France from Italy, but this only lasted until the Italian provinces and city-states were once again conquered by France and fell under the rule of Napoleon. Napoleon established the Kingdom of Italy, but with his downfall came the territorial provisions of the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Throughout these decades, the Italian states were greatlyRead MoreGaribaldi Unification Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesThe background on Risorgimento and Giuseppi Garibaldi’s role in the unification of Italy sparked my curiosity about the impact unification had on national and regional identities in Italy, and the effect these identities have on the way the world perceives the people of Italy as opposed to the way they see each other . It seems to me that Garibaldi and the unification process must have had a profound effect on the people of Italy and the way they see themselves fitting into the nation-state as a wholeRead MoreNationalism and War Essay1087 Words   |  5 PagesNationalism and War Does nationalism have a relationship with the causes of the wars between 1792 and 1914? This can be disputed through the events of the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars, the unification struggles of Germany and Italy in the late 1800’s, the Alliance systems of the late 1800’s and the assassination of the Austrian archduke before the outbreak of World War 1. During the French Revolution in 1792, an effort was made to remove Austrian presence from French lands. ThisRead MoreNapoleon s Reign Over Italy1101 Words   |  5 Pages Italy, as it is known today, has been in existence for less than one hundred fifty years. For several centuries, Italy had been made up of separate states often ruled by foreign powers. In 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded and conquered the Italian peninsula. After falling under French rule, the peninsula was divided into three parts: several northern states, which were annexed to France, the Kingdom of Italy, of which Napoleon declared himself king in 1805, and the Kingdom of Naples in the southRead More Unification of Italy and Germany Essay592 Words   |  3 PagesUnification of Italy and Germany By 1871 both the kingdom of Italy and the empire of Germany were united. Even though both countries used popular trends to that time, both liberalism and nationalism, the process unifying these two countries was very different. The end result was Germany emerging as a strong nation and Italy appropriately, the weaker. Italy’s problems started with the fact that it didn’t have one main ruler, but two people and a concept, resulting in a different approach toRead MoreThe Emergence Of Italian Nationalism1346 Words   |  6 PagesEra and was then encouraged by key Italian figures, leading to the unification of Italy which was overall beneficial for the country. (mention benefits for Italy and how it is today) Before unification, Italy was a collection of different independent states. The Italian Wars, which went on from 1494 to 1559, were fought for the control of these Italian states by European powers. The most consistently fought over city-states in Italy were Naples, Florence, Venice, Sicily, and the Papal State of RomeRead MoreThe Success Of The Unification Of Italy1472 Words   |  6 Pagesof those were crucial for the unification of Italy, but moreover it was the two men that have contributed the most; Count Camillo di Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi. They were completely different. Cavour was the leading strategic power behind the unification and Garibaldi was the national hero inspiring the masses. It cannot be denied that the success of the unification of Italy depended on both of them. Although Cavour was the leading figure in the Italian Unification, its completion would not have

French Expressions Using Sans

The French preposition sans means without and is also used in many expressions. Learn how to say homeless, otherwise, barefoot, and more with this list of expressions with sans.sans abrihomelesssans argentpennilesssans attendreright awaysans aucun doutewithout a doubtsans blagueseriously, all kidding asidesans broncherwithout flinchingsans butaimlesssans à §a (informal)otherwisesans cesseconstantly, continuously, incessantlysans-coeurheartlesssans chaussuresbarefootsans culottes~without fancy underwear (reference to militant republicans in the French Revolution)sans domicile fixehomelesssans doutedoubtless, no doubtsans efforteasily, effortlesslysans fautewithout failsans-gà ªneinconsideratesans malwithout any difficultysans mà ªme noun or infinitivewithout even noun or -ingsans mà ¨remotherlesssans nul doutewithout a doubtsans oublierlast but not leastsans pà ¨refatherlesssans plusthats it, no more than thatsans plus attendrewithout further delaysans prà ©jugà ©sunbiasedsan s que subjunctive  Ã‚  Ã‚  for example, sans quil le sachewithout ____ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  without him knowingsans quoi (informal)otherwisesans le savoirunknowingly, unwittinglysans soincarelesssans soucicarefreesans le vin (menu)not including winesans se le faire dire deux foiswithout having to be told twiceles sans abrithe homelessles sans domicile fixethe homelessun/e sans-emploiunemployed personle sans-faà §oncasualness, offhandednessle sans-fautefaultless performance, something impeccableun sans-filcordless phoneun/e sans-gradeenlisted man/woman; underling, peon, small fryles sans-le-southe have-nots, pennilessles sans-logisthe homelessun/e sans-papiersillegal immigrantun/e sans-parti (politics)independentun/e sans-patrieperson without nationalityun/e sans-soin (archaic)careless personun/e sans-souci (archaic)carefree, happy-go-lucky personun/e sans-travailunemployed personles sans-voixpeople with no voiceboire sans soifto drink without being thirstyà ªtre sans argentto be penn ilessjamais deux sans troiseverything happens in threesJy crois sans y croire.I believe it and I dont.non sansnot withoutLesson: French preposition sans

Describe the Extent of Diversity That Exists in a Community Free Essays

NCFE Level 2 Certificate in Equality and Diversity Unit 4: Living in Diverse Communities Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document, either onto your computer or a disk Then work through your Assessment, remembering to save your work regularly When you’ve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference Then, go to www. vision2learn. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe the Extent of Diversity That Exists in a Community or any similar topic only for you Order Now com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your My Study area – make sure it is clearly marked with your name, the course title and the Unit and Assessment number. Name: Lisa Roe 1.Describe a range of appropriate investigative methods that can be used to explore diversity in a community. You can observe the community using several methods one being you could use observation sheets ,go in the internet use the local library, contact people with expert knowledge. You can use neighbourhood statistic websites that can give you a range of statistics in your local area. 2. Using one (or more) of the methods you outlined in Question 1, describe the extent of diversity that exists within your community. You should illustrate your work with some actual data such as statistics or desktop research. Spoken languages ,There are currently 73 languages spoken in the Wigan Borough, according to English as an Additional Language statistics within schools. (Wigan Council Census, January 2010). The top languages currently being used by schools is Polish, Chinese, Arabic, Punjabi, French, Malayalam, Urdu, Slovak and Norwegian. 38 languages were requested Interpretation services within GP practices in 2008/09. The top languages currently being used by patients within GP practices are Kurdish, Slovak, Farsi, Mandarin, Russian, Arabic, French and Polish. There are currently 68 languages used in Wigan and Leigh College. Top languages spoken are Polish, Arabic, Chinese, Punjabi, Slovak, French, Urdu, Malayan, Russian, and Lithuanian most recent data we have on religion is from the 2001 Census, so very out-of- date. Wigan is a predominantly Christian borough with 87% classed as such. The next largest group is those describing themselves as having no religion, at 7%. There are less that 1% of people in the borough who describe themselves as either Muslim (0. 33%), Hindu (0. 17%), Buddhist (0. 09%), Jewish (0. 3%) or Sikh (0. 02%). However, the growing ethnic diversity that has been experienced in the borough over the last ten years is likely to have had an effect on the religious make-up also 3. Using one (or more) of the methods you outlined in Question 1, describe the range of services and agencies that exist within your local community to support diversity. www. wlct. org Wigan Leisure and Culture Trust is committed to equality and di versity and in an ongoing process continues to develop and improve services to everyone in the community www. wigan. ov. uk for help with everything from housing to help looking for a job. Patient advice and liaison services Advice on the availability of, and access to, local health services www. walh. co. ukequality and diversity in employment 4. Using one (or more) of the methods you outlined in Question 1, provide a wide range of examples (at least 20) of physical signs that show there is diversity within your community. Include examples relating to: Religion Ethnicity Age Disability Gender 5. Describe the types of inequality that could exist within a community. Report on your findings. 1,Political this may occur when certain groups are prevented from taking part in a process. 2, Inequality of outcome this is when people have variations in wealth and income 3 inequality of treatment this is were we have to treat people without bias, prejudice or special conditions applying to them 6. Describe the threats that exist to equality and diversity within the community, using examples of intolerance and extremism. when people are intolerant they tend to stereotype and label the groups / categories they do not like. They may behave in antisocial ways that undermine the quality of life of the people they do not like. This can worsen to the point where there is extremism. One of the main problems that results from intolerant behaviour is that it can cause the social groups being subjected to it to behave differently. They often respond in one of two ways: The people affected may withdraw and become more insular. They tend to stay with ‘their own social group’ and avoid outsiders. However, this withdrawal can be perceived by outsiders as being anti-social and this can have a negative effect on the way the minority group is labelled. hey stereotype people outside their group as being a threat against them. They may themselves become intolerant of the ‘outsiders’. This breaks down the healthy relationships that the social group has with others. These responses are understandable. If a person feels threatened it makes sense to keep close to people you feel safe with and keep away from potential threats. Unfortunately the result is that the behaviour of an intolerant minority can influence and negatively impact a whole community. the extremist is obviously an intolerant person who takes things to extremes. They go from disliking and being intolerant of a particular social group (on the grounds of things such as race, ethnicity, gender, disability or sexual preference) to taking actions that may cause those people harm. 7. Research the range of support services and networks that exist within the local community to support diversity and explain the specific roles they carry out and the users they support. This task should be completed for each of the following: Public sector organisations Wigan, Leigh District Society for the Blind to help the blind people find out information and get help if needed. www. thebrick. org. kthey help homeless people www. embracewiganand leigh. org they are a Wigan based charity who help people with disabilities and their families that need support, advice and information. Charitable and voluntary organisations oxfam cancer research save the children Self-help groups AATo help people with drinking problems Alzheimers society-to help family to cope with love d ones who are suffering with alzhelmers. Lesbian and gay foundation providers of direct support and resources to lesbian gay and bisexual people Once you have completed this Assessment, go to www. vision2learn. com and send your work to your tutor for marking. How to cite Describe the Extent of Diversity That Exists in a Community, Essay examples

Slavery and the Underground Railroad

Introduction American history is one of the richest histories in the world encompassing a wide range of events, seasons, movements and revolutions. From George Washington to Barrack Obama, America has continuously witnessed fascinating and historical moments.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery and the Underground Railroad specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Its global superiority and influence is attributed to efforts made by people like President Lincoln who are known throughout history. One of the famous historic events in the history of America was slavery, which led to the rise of movements that continuously fought for equality. This paper analyses slavery from 1492-1877, giving remarkable timeline events in history. Slavery timeline It is believed that by 1501, slaves from parts of Africa were being ferried to Santo Domingo by Spanish settlers for the purpose of championing their interests[1]. The move was however met with resistance from slaves who engaged in revolts in order to fight for their human rights. A good example is the Caribbean slave revolt of 1522 when enslaved people termed slavery as exploitation of rights. Under British colonialism, colonies in North America began receiving slaves from Africa with the first destination being Jamestown. They were treated like indentured servants and freed after a fixed period of time. Seventeenth century welcomed the first anti-slavery publication which was released by Samuel Seawell, a jurist and printer in Massachusetts. This publication propagated efforts by activists and anti-slavery activities in North America through public awareness. Mr. Seawell believed that the only way of achieving the goal was through publications. Nevertheless, the journey to realize equal treatment was not easy; it was resisted by colonizers. In 1705 slaves were described as property to be sold and bought, giving their masters authority to mistreat and ki ll those who demonstrated any form of resistance[2]. Virginia was the first state to recognize this creed as its law makers viewed slavery as real estate industry at that time. Abolitionist Society The movement was started in 1775 in Philadelphia for the purpose of fighting for the release of Negroes who were being held unlawfully as slaves. The movement was later named as Pennsylvania Abolition Society and is recognized as the oldest anti-slavery society in America. The society reorganized itself in 1780s to widen its mandate and activities[3].Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of these missions was to improve the living standards of Africans who were being undermined by white people. Besides fighting for the rights of enslaved and the need to end slavery, the movement promoted education and employment for the African-American community. Slavery after 1775 The Declaration of Independ ence was to allow all United Colonies in America to be free and independent states. The Fugitive Slave Act was adopted in 1793 to outlaw any measures that would prevent the recapture of slaves who tried to escape. This undermined efforts to end slavery and promote the lives of African-Americans who were less considered. With continued pressure and efforts to have equal right in America, United States banned the importation of African Slaves in 1808. This was seen as a forward step in ending slavery that was being compared to the real estate business. However, the ban did not end importation of slaves from Africa as white settlers smuggled slaves into the country. Even though United States had banned slave trade, the Missouri Comprise allowed it to be admitted as a slave state in 1820 while Maine was considered as a free state[4]. Compromise of 1850 This was a series of five legislative bills that were to enhance a balance between Northern and Southern regions by controlling the spre ad of slavery. The first bill allowed entry of California to the Union as a free state whereas the second one gave the people of Utah and New Mexico a chance to vote and decided for their states. According to the third bill, the Republic of Texas relinquished parcels of land which it had acquired in New Mexico. This enabled Texas to pay a debt it owed Mexico after receiving $ 10 million from the land[5]. In addition, the fourth bill prohibited slavery in the District of Columbia. Controversially, the fifth bill imposed a heavy fine on federal officials who failed to arrest defiant salves. Slavery after the Compromise of 1850 Kansas and Nebraska were allowed by Congress to choose between slavery and free states through the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. This resulted into clashes between the pro and anti- Kansas-Nebraska Act, forcing the Supreme Court to intervene. Through the Dred Scott Decision of 1857, the court dismissed the idea of slaves being granted citizenship arguing that the y were not recognized by law[6]. The court further stated that Congress lacked constitutional mandate to outlaw slavery in Kansas and Nebraska. It is believed that the Dred Scott Decision fully contributed to the Civil War immediately after the election of Abraham Lincoln as the first republican President from Illinois in 1860. Existing differences between Northern and Southern States continued before hitting the peak in 1961 when southern states pulled out of the Union.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery and the Underground Railroad specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The secession was nullified by President Lincoln who ordered soldiers to quell the rebellion through an attack on the South. This led to a fatal clash that lasted four years, claiming the lives of more than six hundred thousand people. It was during this time that the president drafted the Emancipation Proclamation which was issued in January 18 63[7]. The decree freed slaves in rebel states leaving those in loyal states in bondage. Consequently, pressure mounted for the amendment of the proclamation to completely abolish slavery in the United States. The 13th Amendment of 1865 outlawed slavery in the United States[8]. This allowed black people to hold legislative offices, promoted social justice and access to public facilities. Nevertheless, the fight went on as some states continued to undermine African-Americans. Several massacres were witnessed including the â€Å"Opelousas Massacre† in1868 and the â€Å"Clinton Massacre† in 1875. The appointment of President Rutherford in 1877 marked the end of reconstruction although segregation continued to haunt African-Americans. Conclusion It is evident that slavery is a major component of the American history which had significant impact on the most powerful nation on the planet. The war against it was brutal and fatal, claiming the lives of many black and white peo ple. Efforts to end slavery led to the formation of influential and important movements that have remained active in fighting against social injustices and promoting equality in the American society. Bibliography Davis, Ronald. â€Å"Slavery in America: Historical Overview.† Slavery in America. Web. Henretta, James and David Brody. America: A Concise History. Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2009. Schneider, Dorothy and Carl Schneider. Slavery in America. New York City: Infobase Publishing, 2006.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Footnotes Ronald Davis, â€Å"Slavery in America: Historical Overview†. Slavery in America. Dorothy Schneider and Schneider Carl, Slavery in America (New York City: Infobase Publishing, 2006), 16. Ronald Davis, â€Å"Slavery in America: Historical Overview,† Slavery in America. Ibid Dorothy Schneider and Schneider Carl, Slavery in America (New York City: Infobase Publishing, 2006), 17. James Henretta and Brody David, America: A Concise History (Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2009), 349. Ronald Davis, â€Å"Slavery in America: Historical Overview,† Slavery in America. Dorothy Schneider and Schneider Carl, Slavery in America (New York City: Infobase Publishing, 2006), 17. This essay on Slavery and the Underground Railroad was written and submitted by user Anna Baker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Should YouTube Comments Be Regulated

Should YouTube Comments Be Regulated YouTube comments are not regulated that is why YouTube has turned to the wall with offensive comments. People writing them should be somehow punished or banned. Our studies give the full picture of what is going on on YouTube. YouTube Comments: Keep Them Regulated! When was the last time you took a long, hard look at the comments on YouTube? They’re a real treat to read, aren’t they? Not exactly – rarely are these comments good-natured or written to encourage or applaud the person who posted the video. More so, many YouTube comments are quite hateful in nature, and they embarrass and chastise the poster – and these comments often go entirely too far. When it comes down to it, YouTube has been overrun by these harsh, often-racist and very ignorant, harmful and offensive comments. Something needs to be done, because these YouTube comments, yes, should be regulated and monitored; better yet, YouTube should have a function that regulates comments according to the individual’s preferences. SHOULD FUNNY CAT VIDEOS BE ALLOWED ON YOUTUBE? One way that YouTube could regulate comments and cater preferences for a user is by weeding out the use of explicit language in comments. Perhaps when signing in to YouTube for the first time, a user would be better served by picking or entering the words they do not wish to see, the type of language that offends them and their family; maybe a survey of some sort. This way, any comments bearing this kind of offensive language will not be seen by this user when one reads comments to videos they view. This service would actually further advance YouTube, as the comment preferences will retain (rather than repel) viewers and attract additional users and viewers. YouTube Should Eliminate Attacking Comments YouTube could also further regulate its Website’s content by eliminating comments that are negative or attacking in nature. These are the kind of senseless, mean-spirited, racist comments you see posted on Social Media all too much: words filled with hatred, envy or anger. Yes, people have their right to speak freely, but an everyday user should have the option to not see such language. Unless they want to engage in the discussion, as in offering their report or approval of such filth, they should have the ability, as a YouTube user, to filter out these kinds of comments that negative and argumentative in nature. This would require YouTube being regulated to a great extent, but it’s something necessary and worthwhile. YouTube could regulate its comments that possess a sexual nature, whether it is sexism, sexual harassment of another user or profanity in terms of sexual language. These types of comments should be regulated because a user has the right to let their young children view a YouTube video without fearing they will come across bad sexual language – language that children clearly are not mature enough to hear. Once again, everyone’s YouTube page should be different, with different preferences that range from adult control to language control. The user should be able to choose what they want to see and read on their personal YouTube page. If the Website makes money from advertisements sold by page views (made by the user), then the user should have a say in how they ultimately experience the product – because they are essentially the customers. Users Should Have the Choice of What to See To conclude this argument, that YouTube should regulate its millions of user comments, it’s important to consider the facts: Fact 1. A good portion of the people posting nasty, mean, anger-filled comments are teens and lazy, angry and jobless adults. This makes for a multitude of self-centered nonsense from ignorant people. Fact 2. People can post comments anonymously on YouTube, therefore, without consequence. A person can pretty much say anything they want on this Social Media platform and not have to fear to get any real punishment for their comments – other than feedback from other users. Fact 3. Also, every single living person has a right to avoid filthy, nonsensical and violent language – especially on such a highly esteemed website such as YouTube. Looking back over these facts, you will understand why YouTube must regulate its comments. It’s time for the user to have a little control over the kind of content they see on their Social Media pages – and that certainly includes YouTube. Users should have the choice of filtering their account’s preferences so that they will never have to see comments from others that do not pertain to or favor them, comments that are harsh and cruel in nature and utterly repugnant. There should be choices – YouTube is, after all, an American-based company with billions of International users. People in America have choices. You would think the Billion-Dollar website would be more open to choices.

Predicting the Next Geologic Ice Age

Predicting the Next Geologic Ice Age The climate of the earth has fluctuated quite a bit over the last 4.6 billion years of our planets history and it can be expected that the climate will continue to change. One of the most intriguing questions in earth science is whether the periods of ice age are over or are we living in an interglacial, or period of time between ice ages? The geologic time period we are now living in is known as the Holocene. This epoch began about 11,000 years ago which was the end of the last glacial period and the end of the Pleistocene epoch. The Pleistocene was an epoch of cool glacial and warmer interglacial periods which began about 1.8 million years ago. Where Is Glacial Ice Located Now? Since the glacial period known as the Wisconsin in North America and WÃ ¼rm in Europe - when over 10 million square miles (about 27 million square kilometers) of North America, Asia, and Europe were covered by ice- , almost all of the ice sheets covering the land and glaciers in the mountains have retreated. Today about ten percent of the earths surface is covered by ice; 96% of this ice is located in Antarctica and Greenland. Glacial ice is also present in such diverse places as Alaska, Canada, New Zealand, Asia, and California. Could We Enter Another Ice Age? As only 11,000 years have passed since the last Ice Age, scientists cannot be certain that we are indeed living in a post-glacial Holocene epoch instead of an interglacial period of the Pleistocene and thus due for another ice age in the geologic future. Some scientists believe that an increase in global temperature, as we are now experiencing, could be a sign of an impending ice age and could actually increase the amount of ice on the earths surface. The cold, dry air above the Arctic and Antarctica carries little moisture and drops little snow on the regions. An increase in global temperature could increase the amount of moisture in the air and increase the amount of snowfall. After years of more snowfall than melting, the polar regions could accumulate more ice. An accumulation of ice would lead to a lowering of the level of the oceans and there would be further, unanticipated changes in the global climate system as well. Our short history on earth and our shorter record of the climate keeps us from fully understanding the implications of global warming. Without a doubt, an increase in the earths temperature will have major consequences for all life on this planet.

Research proposal Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research proposal - Article Example ss of Korean-American adolescents; and (3) to determine the effect of family and culture in the academic achievement of Korean-American adolescents in US schools. Ethnic Identity as a Predictor of Problem Behaviors among Korean American Adolescents, a Journal article by Eunai K. Shrake, Siyon Rhee; Adolescence, Vol. 39, 2004 presents the underlying problems that Korean American adolescent’s experience. Chung, Jungsook Park. 1998. "A Study of Self-Esteem in Selected Korean-American Youth in the Fort Worth-Dallas Area." Ph.D. Thesis, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary aims to discover certain significant predictors of self-esteem among Korean-American adolescents and to determine the difference in self-esteem scores across the variables of gender, length of residence in the United States, parents marital structure, language preference, and significant others. In this study, â€Å"the adolescents who chose parents as the most significant others received the highest scores in self-esteem analysis. The adolescents who chose friends received the middle score, and the adolescents who chose teachers received the lowest score.† The value tensions in Korean–American mother–child relationships while facilitating academic success written by Sungeun Yang and Kathryn D. Rettig â€Å"explored mothers perspectives concerning their experiences in facilitating the academic success of their adolescents in American schools, using a naturalistic study design, data from transcribed personal interviews of 17 Korean–American mothers, and a phenomenological analysis approach.† Parental Warmth, Control, and Involvement in Schooling by Kyoungho Kim and Ronald P. Rohner â€Å"explored the relationship between Baumrind’s parenting prototypes and the academic achievement, judged by grade point average (GPA), of Korean American adolescents. It also examined the relative contribution to youth’s academic achievement of perceived maternal and paternal warmth and control and

Quiz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Quiz - Essay Example The Third Reich’s objective, according to Hitler in 1940, was to transform the entirety of Western Europe by radically transforming it into the Nazi Herrenvolk—the living space of the Nazi Master Race. READ: http://www.dac.neu.edu/holocaust/Hitlers_Plans.htm #16: When he first became Chancellor of Germany in the early 1930’s, Hitler declared Christianity was the foundation of German society. He spent the rest of his life promoting National Socialism which was hostile towards religion, he eroded the rights of all churches, persecuted the Jewish people, gradually began to suppress the rights of evangelical Christians and Catholics—ending denominational and youth organizations, prohibiting denominational schools, and widely defaming and imprisoning clergy of the Christian church who refused to be silent about the truth. #20: Hitler solved the Jewish question with the â€Å"Final Solution†, not only in Germany, but across Western Europe. He makes this statement as if he were speaking from a table in a country that is not at war, which is not taking over other countries, with plans to take over even more. Every country occupied by the Third Reich, saw imprisonment, repression and extermination of the Jewish citizens who lived there. In a speech in 1939 he said, â€Å"Workers of all classes and of all nations, recognize your common enemy! The common enemy was the Jewish race. READ:http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitjew.html #24: The context of this statement was in relation to research remaining free of any state restrictions. In that context I agree with the statement. Taken out of context, truth can be evil; especially in relation to Hitler’s views that his was the only truth when it came to the promotion of National Socialism and the eradication of the Jewish people. #26: I find this surprising given the fact that Hitler hated America and all things American. In one conversation he ridiculed America’s reliance on

Defences Against Pathogenic Organisms

Defences Against Pathogenic Organisms Bacteria Defined in the dictionary as ‘a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease. Which can then be divided into different categories, bacterium, virus, fungus and finally protozoa. Bacteria can be in the form of many sizes and can cause such things as cholera and typhoid fever. The virus type of pathogens are much smaller than bacteria and have a ‘fragment of genetic material inside a protective protein coat’. They are also especially common of causing influenza. Fungi can look like mould and can cause such things like athlete’s foot. Protozoa can come in the form of contaminated food and some are parasites. They are organisms that live in or on, certain things. A very serious example of this type, is malaria. Features Virus Bacteria Fungus Protozoa Nutrition Do not have or need nutrition and do not eat anything Mostly are heterotrophic, which means they live from and off other organisms. Also ‘At an elementary level, the nutritional requirements of a bacterium such as E. coli are revealed by the cells elemental composition’. Absorbs nutrients like carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, xylose, sucrose) and also starches, cellulose, hemicelluloses and proteins. Require organic materials ‘which may be particulate or in solution’. They are holozoic. Reproduction Rely on host cells for the ‘machinery needed to survive and reproduce.’ Once finding a host, it then looks for host cells to take over and ‘slowly implants its genetic makeup into the cell.’ Reproduce by the process binary fission. Where the cells split into and divides into 2 identical daughter cells and ‘When conditions are favourable such as the right temperature and nutrients are available, some bacteria like Escherichia coli can divide every 20 minutes’. Environmental conditions can influence how this happens and usually sexual or asexual reproduction are the main methods. Some yeasts and funguses thrive in warm environments, and can multiply at an extremely fast pace. Also may be a sexual, and also reproduction by binary fission is very common here. Structure Their structure consists of a strand of nucleic acid, which is either DNA or RNA. Then it has something called a ‘capsid’ which is a protective protein coat. Bacteria have a cell wall with no nucleus and have two types of DNA- plasmid and chromosomal. Some are unicellular but most are multicellular which have cell walls and they are made of chitin. Single celled organisms that have a cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and vacuole. Sources used Bbc bitesize . (2015). Whats in a cell?. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_edexcel/cells/cells1.shtml. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Chris Sherwood . (2015). How Do Viruses Reproduce?. Available: http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4567511_viruses-reproduce.html. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Constantine John Alexopoulos . (2015). Fungus . Available: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/222357/fungus/57967/Nutrition. Last accessed 17th march 2015. G gingham. (2014). Bacteria. Available: http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria. Last accessed 17th march 2015 Kenneth Todar. (2014). Nutrition and Growth of Bacteria. Available: http://textbookofbacteriology.net/nutgro.html. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Robert G Yaeger . (2015). Protozoa . Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8325/. Last accessed 17th march 2015. How does the body defend itself against pathogens which cause infectious disease? Pathogens can enter the body by ‘route of transmission’. People can pick up a pathogen by person to person contact with touch, saliva and contaminated blood or bodily fluids. Pathogens can also be transmitted through foods, water, insects and fomites. Food can be contaminated by unclean hands, unclean utensils, and is cross contaminated. Water can be contaminated by human or animal faeces which spreads the infection when drank, and insects can also carry a pathogen for example malaria. Lastly fomites are actually non-living but can spread pathogens by way of bedding, toys and wire for example. A common one is also athlete’s foot. Airborne pathogens enter through the nose and mouth of the body as you breathe, and food pathogens enter through your mouth and then into the digestive system. Also they can also enter into the blood stream through ‘vectors’ which is transmitted by mosquitos, fleas, ticks and contaminated needles. Breaks in the skin are also ways of entering. From the outside of the body the physical defences and barriers we have to help us are the skin which is a physical barrier, clotting which if skin is broken the blood clots to stop any entering, sebaceous and sweet glands that produce chemicals that kill bacteria, lysozyme which is in saliva and tears that kills bacteria, mucous membranes which secretes mucous and traps pathogens, nasal hairs that remove the organisms from the air, cilia force mucus to the pharynx for swallowing, hydrochloric acid kills microorganisms, and the vagina produces lactic acid which stops growth of pathogens and has a low ph and mucous membranes that kill bacteria. If the physical barriers cannot defend against pathogens, then a ‘second defence line’ takes over which is a general defence system. Phagocytes that are white blood cells engulf pathogens and macrophages which are a longer living phagocytes help digest the bacteria and protect the body. Substances that are produced by other proteins called complement defence proteins can help fight pathogens, and are produced in response to knowing the presence of foreign materials in the body and ‘burst or engulf the pathogen.’ Also interferons are proteins that help prevent spread of the virus, and inflammation are infected cells that produce a chemical histamine, and help more white blood cells get to the area to help fight infection. Antibodies play a special part to fight pathogens as they are ‘lymphocytes that produce antibodies as a result of antigens.’ These are proteins in the group called immunoglobulins. Each antigen will only stimulate the production of one specific antibody that will fit into its receptor area. This is called natural active induced immunity. It is protection gained against a particular pathogen by the production of specific antibodies after the antigen on the pathogen has been detected.’ Pathogens are prevented from entering a host cell by antibodies binding to the antigens which are on the surface of the pathogen, and pathogens can be burst by antibodies activating the complement system. -see diagram here T and B cells are lymphocytes, while t cells mature in the thymus gland and b cells mature in the bone marrow. The point of t cells, is that they are defenders that are activated in the thymus gland and do not actually produce antibodies but do help to protect in other ways. They have helper t cells which recognise antigens especially macrophages that multiply and enlarge and form helper t cells that produce chemicals (interferon) that then stimulate the forming of b cells. Then they stimulate the reproduction of killer t cells. Killer t cells produce and destroy abnormal body cells and release a protein named perforin which form pores in the membranes of the cells they attack and ‘Water and ions from the surroundings flow into the cells and burst them. This is called lysis.’ Suppressor t cells inhibit working after the pathogen is destroyed, and memory t cells survive for a long time and stimulate memory b cells to produce antibodies. B cells work in the lymphatic syste m ‘especially the spleen and lymph nodes’ and work on just one specific antigen and comes into contact with an antigen to then reproduce at a rapid pace which are plasma cells. They are very efficient and effective, but do only last a few days. Most b cells die within a few days like said before, but some do stay alive which are referred to as memory b cells and ‘When the same antigen becomes present in the organism these memory B-cells are already there to begin the production of plasma cells and antibodies.’ Which is secondary B cell response. These are more powerful because they are produced faster, more are produced, and they are produced to a smaller amount of antigen. The primary response of the immune system to infection is on the first time it is encountered and ‘Depending on the nature of the antigen and the site of entry this response can take up to 14 days to resolve and leads to the generation of memory cells with a high specificity for the inducing antigen.’ As soon as a foreign antigen is exposed, an even though no antibodies are produced activated b cells differentiate to plasma cells. Secondary response is the response to the antigen where there is a large production of amounts of antibodies. Memory cells help generate what type of antibodies to produce during an immune response. It is like a B cell that keeps a memory of the older lymphocyte that was generated when there was an immune response for a specific antigen. They act as guardians waiting for the return of the same antigen so they can recruit the immune system and mount an attack sooner and more aggressively. Sources used for this TAQ *Alexander A Ademokun. (2015). Immune Responses: Primary and Secondary. Available: http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000947.html. Last accessed 17th march 2015. *bbc bitesize . (2015). Defending against infection. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/human/defendingagainstinfectionrev1.shtml. Last accessed 17th march 2015. *ico praver . (2015). Routes of Transmission. Available: http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/microbes-and-the-human-body/routes-of-transmission . Last accessed 17th march 2015. * S Detea . (2015). secondary response . Available: http://thesciencedictionary.org/secondary-immune-response/. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Immunity Natural Acquired Similarities Resist a specific disease. ‘Inflammation.’ Resist a specific disease. Inflammation.’ Involve the action of antibodies in the body somehow Involve the action of antibodies in the body somehow Technically use white blood cells to try and fight pathogen/ infection Technically use white blood cells to try and fight pathogen/ infection Differences Natural is from birth, and get it from being born and is ‘genetic’. You acquire this immunity after exposure to a pathogen. Remains throughout your life Can be short lived or life long This immunity has barriers that prevent entry of foreign agents Consists of special t and b cells and also antibodies that are in body fluid Response is immediate Response can take a few days, and is not immediate Sources used *Christopher Hassell. (2014). Acquired Immunity. Available: http://greaterimmunity.com/Files/acquired_immunity.html. Last accessed 18th march 2015 *Garland science . (2015). The immune system in health and disease. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27090/. Last accessed 18th march 2015 References and bibliography Alexander A Ademokun. (2015). Immune Responses: Primary and Secondary. Available: http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000947.html. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Ananya Mandal. (2014). Cholera Transmission. Available: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Cholera-Transmission.aspx. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Arthur Schoenstadt. (2012). Malaria Transmission. Available: http://malaria.emedtv.com/malaria/malaria-transmission.html. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Bbc bitesize. (2015). Defending against infection. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/human/defendingagainstinfectionrev1.shtml. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Bbc bitesize. (2015). Whats in a cell?. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_edexcel/cells/cells1.shtml. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Influenza. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Eric J. Nelson, Jason B. Harris, J. Glenn Morris, Jr, Stephen B. Calderwood Andrew Camilli. (2014). Life cycle of pathogenic Vibrio cholerae.. Available: http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/v7/n10/fig_tab/nrmicro2204_F2.html. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Christopher Hassell. (2014). Acquired Immunity. Available: http://greaterimmunity.com/Files/acquired_immunity.html. Last accessed 18th march 2015 Chris Sherwood. (2015). How Do Viruses Reproduce?. Available: http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4567511_viruses-reproduce.html. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Constantine John Alexopoulos. (2015). Fungus . Available: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/222357/fungus/57967/Nutrition. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Garland science. (2015). The immune system in health and disease. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27090/. Last accessed 18th march 2015 G gingham. (2014). Bacteria. Available: http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria. Last accessed 17th march 2015 Great Ormond. (2015). Infection prevention and control. Available: http://www.gosh.nhs.uk/parents-and-visitors/coming-to-hospital/infection-control-and-prevention/. Last accessed 18th march 2015. Ico praver. (2015). Routes of Transmission. Available: http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/microbes-and-the-human-body/routes-of-transmission . Last accessed 17th march 2015. Kalyan Das. (2015). Influenza A life cycle.. Available: http://www.nature.com/nsmb/journal/v17/n5/fig_tab/nsmb.1779_F1.html. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Kenneth Todar. (2014). Nutrition and Growth of Bacteria. Available: http://textbookofbacteriology.net/nutgro.html. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Kristeen Cherney. (2014). What is Cross Infection?. Available: http://www.healthline.com/health/cross-infection#Overview1. Last accessed 18th march 2015. Lisa minu. (2014). Understanding Athletes Foot . Available: http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/understanding-athletes-foot-basics. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Public Health England. (2015). Infection control: New best practice guide will bolster fight against healthcare associated infections See more at: http://www.buildingbetterhealthcare.co.uk/news/article_page/Infection_control_New_. Available: http://www.buildingbetterhealthcare.co.uk/news/article_page/Infection_control_New_best_practice_guide_will_bolster_fight_against_healthcare_associated_infections/71006. Last accessed 18th march 2015 Robert G Yaeger. (2015). Protozoa . Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8325/. Last accessed 17th march 2015. S Detea . (2015). Secondary response . Available: http://thesciencedictionary.org/secondary-immune-response/. Last accessed 17th march 2015. Thomas Urbauer. (2014). What Is the Life Cycle of Tinea Pedis? . Available: http://www.ehow.com/about_6513541_life-cycle-tinea-pedis_.html. Last accessed 16th march 2015. Toni Rizzo. (2015). Hospital-Acquired Infections . Available: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Cross_infection.aspx. Last accessed 18th march 2015 WHO. (2015). 10 facts on cholera. Available: http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/cholera/en/. Last accessed 16th march 2015.

Finance 3220 Problem Set 1

What is the present value of $150,000 to be received 8 years from today if the discount rate is 11 percent? Question 1 options: | A)|   $65,088. 97| | B)|   $71,147. 07| | C)|   $74,141. 41| | D)|   $79,806. 18| | E)|   $83,291. 06 | Question 2 (2 points) According to the Rule of 72, you can do which one of the following? Question 2 options: | A)|   double your money in five years at 7. 2 percent interest| | B)|   double your money in 7. 2 years at 8 percent interest| | C)|   double your money in 8 years at 9 percent interest| | D)|   triple your money in 7. years at 5 percent interest| | E)|   triple your money at 10 percent interest in 7. 2 years  | Question 3 (2 points) On your ninth birthday, you received $300 which you invested at 4. 5 percent interest, compounded annually. Your investment is now worth $757. How old are you today? Question 3 options: | A)|   age 29| | B)|   age 30| | C)|   age 31| | D)|   age 32| | E)|   age 33| Question 4 (2 poin ts) You just received a $5,000 gift from your grandmother. You have decided to save this money so that you can gift it to your grandchildren 50 years from now.How much additional money will you have to gift to your grandchildren if you can earn an average of 8. 5 percent instead of just 8 percent on your savings? Question 4 options: | A)|   $47,318. 09| | B)|   $52,464. 79| | C)|   $55,211. 16| | D)|   $58,811. 99| | E)|   $60,923. 52 | Question 5 (2 points) Shelley won a lottery and will receive $1,000 a year for the next ten years. The value of her winnings today discounted at her discount rate is called which one of the following? Question 5 options: | A)|   single amount| | B)|   future value| | C)|   present value| D)|   simple amount| | E)|   compounded value | Question 6 (2 points) Andy deposited $3,000 this morning into an account that pays 5 percent interest, compounded annually. Barb also deposited $3,000 this morning into an account that pays 5 percent interest, compounded annually. Andy will withdraw his interest earnings and spend it as soon as possible. Barb will reinvest her interest earnings into her account. Given this, which one of the following statements is true? Question 6 options: | A)|   Barb will earn more interest the first year than Andy will. | B)|   Andy will earn more interest in year three than Barb will. | | C)|   Barb will earn interest on interest. | | D)|   After five years, Andy and Barb will both have earned the same amount of interest. | | E)|   Andy will earn compound interest. | Question 7 (2 points) You invested $1,650 in an account that pays 5 percent simple interest. How much more could you have earned over a 20-year period if the interest had compounded annually? Question 7 options: | A)|   $849. 22| | B)|   $930. 11| | C)|   $982. 19| | D)|   $1,021. 15| | E)|   $1,077. 94 | Question 8 (2 points)A year ago, you deposited $30,000 into a retirement savings account at a fixed rate of 5. 5 percent. Today, you could earn a fixed rate of 6. 5 percent on a similar type account. However, your rate is fixed and cannot be adjusted. How much less could you have deposited last year if you could have earned a fixed rate of 6. 5 percent and still have the same amount as you currently will when you retire 38 years from today? Question 8 options: | A)|   $2,118. 42 less| | B)|   $3,333. 33 less| | C)|   $5,417. 09 less| | D)|   $7,274. 12 less| | E)|   $9,234. 97 less  |Question 9 (2 points) You are investing $100 today in a savings account at your local bank. Which one of the following terms refers to the value of this investment one year from now? Question 9 options: | A)|   future value| | B)|   present value| | C)|   principal amounts| | D)|   discounted value| | E)|   invested principal | Question 10 (2 points) One year ago, you invested $1,800. Today it is worth $1,924. 62. What rate of interest did you earn? Question 10 options: | A)|   6. 59 percent| | B)|   6. 67 percent| | C)|   6. 88 percent| | D)|   6. 92 percent| | E)|   7. 01 percent |

Public Security Vs. Privacy - 1288 Words

â€Å"Big brother is watching you.† In the book Nineteen Eighty-Four (Orwell, 1948), the author presented a repressed and horrible Utopia with Surveillance state, Big Brother, doublespeak and thoughtcrimes. Today, many people believe that the book Nineteen Eighty-Four has already become a prophecy in the United States because they are being surrounded by numerous cameras. Although January Mughal in her article â€Å"National Security Vs. 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History Of The United States Health Care System Essay

rehend the PPACA, one must understand the history of the United States’ health care system. The most successful and known reform would be the passage of Medicare and Medicaid. President Johnson’s main objective with his program was to provide health insurance to those over 65 years old, who otherwise wouldn’t be able to receive coverage due to retirement or being financially unfit to purchase health insurance. It has since been expanded to cover those with disabilities, and lower income families (â€Å"Overview,† 2015). Brady (2015) examines President Clinton’s attempt to massively overhaul health care in the United States. His plan, the Health Security Act (HSA), required employers to offer health insurance to their employees, and mandated that every US citizen purchase health insurance. 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